简介
本示例展示了如何使用 Python 的 tkinter 库结合数学公式绘制动态爱心动画。
代码展示
import random
from math import sin, cos, pi, log
from tkinter import *
CANVAS_WIDTH = 640
CANVAS_HEIGHT = 480
CANVAS_CENTER_X = CANVAS_WIDTH / 2
CANVAS_CENTER_Y = CANVAS_HEIGHT / 2
IMAGE_ENLARGE = 11
HEART_COLOR = "#ff2121"
def heart_function(t, shrink_ratio: float = IMAGE_ENLARGE):
"""
'爱心函数生成器'
:param shrink_ratio: 放大比例
:param t: 参数
:return: 坐标
"""
# 基础函数
x = 16 * (sin(t) ** 3)
y = -(13 * cos(t) - 5 * cos(2 * t) - 2 * cos(3 * t) - cos(4 * t))
x *= shrink_ratio
y *= shrink_ratio
# 移到画布中央
x += CANVAS_CENTER_X
y += CANVAS_CENTER_Y
return int(x), int(y)
def scatter_inside(x, y, beta=0.15):
"""
:param x: 原 x
:param y: 原 y
:param beta: 强度
:return: 新坐标
"""
ratio_x = - beta * log(random.random())
ratio_y = - beta * log(random.random())
dx = ratio_x * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
dy = ratio_y * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
return x - dx, y - dy
def shrink(x, y, ratio):
"""
:param x: 原 x
:param y: 原 y
:param ratio: 比例
:return: 新坐标
"""
force = - / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** ) ** )
dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X)
dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y)
x - dx, y - dy
():
* ( * sin( * p)) / ( * pi)
:
():
._points = ()
._edge_diffusion_points = ()
._center_diffusion_points = ()
.all_points = {}
.build()
.random_halo =
.generate_frame = generate_frame
frame (generate_frame):
.calc(frame)
():
_ (number):
t = random.uniform(, * pi)
x, y = heart_function(t)
._points.add((x, y))
_x, _y (._points):
_ ():
x, y = scatter_inside(_x, _y, )
._edge_diffusion_points.add((x, y))
point_list = (._points)
_ ():
x, y = random.choice(point_list)
x, y = scatter_inside(x, y, )
._center_diffusion_points.add((x, y))
():
force = / (((x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) ** + (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) ** ) ** )
dx = ratio * force * (x - CANVAS_CENTER_X) + random.randint(-, )
dy = ratio * force * (y - CANVAS_CENTER_Y) + random.randint(-, )
x - dx, y - dy
():
ratio = * curve(generate_frame / * pi)
halo_radius = ( + * ( + curve(generate_frame / * pi)))
halo_number = ( + * (curve(generate_frame / * pi) ** ))
all_points = []
heart_halo_point = ()
_ (halo_number):
t = random.uniform(, * pi)
x, y = heart_function(t, shrink_ratio=)
x, y = shrink(x, y, halo_radius)
(x, y) heart_halo_point:
heart_halo_point.add((x, y))
x += random.randint(-, )
y += random.randint(-, )
size = random.choice((, , ))
all_points.append((x, y, size))
x, y ._points:
x, y = .calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(, )
all_points.append((x, y, size))
x, y ._edge_diffusion_points:
x, y = .calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(, )
all_points.append((x, y, size))
x, y ._center_diffusion_points:
x, y = .calc_position(x, y, ratio)
size = random.randint(, )
all_points.append((x, y, size))
.all_points[generate_frame] = all_points
():
x, y, size .all_points[render_frame % .generate_frame]:
render_canvas.create_rectangle(x, y, x + size, y + size, width=, fill=HEART_COLOR)
():
render_canvas.delete()
render_heart.render(render_canvas, render_frame)
main.after(, draw, main, render_canvas, render_heart, render_frame + )
__name__ == :
root = Tk()
canvas = Canvas(root, bg=, height=CANVAS_HEIGHT, width=CANVAS_WIDTH)
canvas.pack()
heart = Heart()
draw(root, canvas, heart)
root.mainloop()


